The Two Chambers of Congress
The U.S. Congress is bicameral — composed of two chambers with distinct rules, powers, and election cycles. The Senate gives equal representation to states; the House apportions by population. A bill must pass both to become law.
United States Senate
100 senators · 6-year terms
Two senators per state. Confirms presidential nominations, ratifies treaties, holds impeachment trials.
U.S. House of Representatives
436 members · 2-year terms
Apportioned by state population. Originates revenue bills, initiates impeachment, elects the President if the Electoral College deadlocks.