01 May Freshman Watch: Adam Gray Has Broken From Their Caucus 86 Times

Freshman class analysis since 119th Congress convened 2025-01-03. Source: Congress.gov roll-call records.

Adam Gray — the most cross-aisle freshman

Adam Gray (D-California, house) has voted opposite the Democratic caucus majority 86 times across 476 party-line roll calls — a party-loyalty rate of 82%.

For context: most senior members of both parties run ≥90% party loyalty over a similar window. Adam Gray’s rate puts them among the more independent voices in their freshman class.

Other cross-aisle freshmen to watch

1. Laura Gillen (D-New York, house) — 56 cross-aisle votes, 89% party loyalty
2. Eugene Simon Vindman (D-Virginia, house) — 47 cross-aisle votes, 91% party loyalty
3. Brandon Gill (R-Texas, house) — 45 cross-aisle votes, 91% party loyalty

What this means

Freshman voting patterns set the tone for the next decade. Members who break from caucus early often continue to. Members who toe the party line in their first term tend to stay there. We surface freshmen records weekly so constituents can hold their reps to the patterns being established right now.

See Adam Gray’s full record · Methodology